ESM loader cannot detect module system properly in folder whose name ends with node_modules #51245

Version

v20.10.0

Platform

Linux 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft #3636-Microsoft Thu Oct 19 17:41:00 PST 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Subsystem

modules/esm

What steps will reproduce the bug?

The repo: https://github.com/AnnAngela/node-issue

The reproduce steps: https://github.com/AnnAngela/node-issue/blob/08407276c119b18f12f0deb1193d4815dc8d6956/.github/workflows/test.yaml#L21-L22

How often does it reproduce? Is there a required condition?

Always reproduce, with the workding folder whose name ends with node_modules

What is the expected behavior? Why is that the expected behavior?

Should not throw any error.

What do you see instead?

The workflow log: https://github.com/AnnAngela/node-issue/actions/runs/7285434922/job/19852334885#step:4:13

Additional information

I'm not sure if the working directory can only end with node_modules, or can start with node_modules or contain node_modules in the middle.